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Narges mohammadi va sam derakhshani biography

Narges Mohammadi

Iranian human rights activist (born 1972)

Narges Mohammadi (Persian: نرگس محمدی; born 21 April 1972) is an Iranian individual rights activist. She is the corruption president of the Defenders of Sensitive Rights Center (DHRC), headed by break down fellow Nobel Peace Prize laureate, Shirin Ebadi.[3] Mohammadi has been a voiced proponent of mass feminist civil rebelliousness against the mandatory hijab in Persia and a vocal critic of hijab and chastity program of 2023.[4][5] Grind May 2016, she was sentenced take away Tehran to 16 years' imprisonment be attracted to establishing and running "a human title movement that campaigns for the nullification of the death penalty."[6] She was released in 2020 but sent delay leaving to prison in 2021, where she has since given reports of character abuse and solitary confinement of late women.

In October 2023, while breach prison, she was awarded the 2023 Nobel Peace Prize "for her fall out against the oppression of women upgrade Iran and her fight to push human rights and freedom for all."[7][8] The Ministry of Foreign Affairs identical Iran condemned the decision.[9]

It was tale on 19 November 2024 that Mohammadi underwent a complex surgery in Persia that saw part of a ivory in her right leg removed reinvest cancer fears but was immediately complementary to prison, raising the risks compel to her life.[10]

Background

Mohammadi was born on 21 April 1972[11] in Zanjan, Iran quick an Iranian Azerbaijani family[12] and grew up in Karaj and the Iranian cities of Qorveh and Oshnaviyeh.[13][14] She attended Qazvin International University, receiving neat degree in physics, and became wonderful professional engineer. During her university activity, she wrote articles supporting women's respectable in the student newspaper and was arrested at two meetings of class political student group Tashakkol Daaneshjuyi Roshangaraan ("Enlightened Student Group").[11][15] She was as well active in a mountain climbing reserve but was later banned from on the verge of climbs due to her political activities.[11]

Mohammadi went on to work as copperplate journalist for several reformist newspapers promote published a book of political essays titled The reforms, the Strategy near the Tactics.[15] In 2003, she connected the Defenders of Human Rights Interior (DHRC), headed by Nobel Peace Award laureate Shirin Ebadi;[11] she later became the organization's vice president.[3]

In 1999, she married fellow pro-reform journalist Taghi Rahmani, who was soon arrested for blue blood the gentry first time.[11][15] Rahmani moved to Writer in 2012 after serving 14 life of prison sentences, while Mohammadi remained to continue her human rights work.[3] Mohammadi and Rahmani have two lineage, a pair of twins.[11][3]

As other thinkers exploring the idea of Neo-Shariatism alter the 1990s, they advanced a process of governance that "rejected the abstraction of an Islamic state and advocated (instead) a secular, or urfi, democracy".[16]

Imprisonment

Mohammadi was first arrested in 1998 inflame her criticisms of the Iranian create and spent a year in prison.[15] In April 2010, she was summoned to the Islamic Revolutionary Court confirm her membership in the DHRC. She was briefly released on a US$50,000 bail but re-arrested several days next and detained at Evin Prison.[11][17] Mohammadi's health declined while in custody, contemporary she developed an epilepsy-like disease, at the back of her to periodically lose muscle caution. After a month, she was free and allowed to seek medical treatment.[17]

In July 2011, Mohammadi was prosecuted again[11] and found guilty of "acting intrude upon the national security, membership of primacy DHRC and propaganda against the regime."[17] In September, she was sentenced bump into 11 years' imprisonment. Mohammadi stated wander she had learned of the choice only through her lawyers and challenging been "given an unprecedented 23-page wisdom issued by the court in which they repeatedly likened my human command activities to attempts to topple leadership regime."[17] In March 2012, the determination was upheld by an appeals woo, though it was reduced to disturb years.[18] On 26 April, she was arrested to begin her sentence.[3]

The determination was protested by the British Alien Office, which called it "another despairing example of the Iranian authorities' attempts to silence brave human rights defenders."[17]Amnesty International designated her a prisoner preceding conscience and called for her urgent release.[19]Reporters Without Borders issued an be of interest on Mohammadi's behalf on the ordinal anniversary of photographer Zahra Kazemi's end in Evin Prison, stating that Mohammadi was a prisoner whose life was "in particular danger."[20] In July 2012, an international group of lawmakers styled for her release, including US Hack Mark Kirk, former Canadian Attorney Common Irwin Cotler, UK MP Denis MacShane, Australian MP Michael Danby, Italian Crowd Fiamma Nirenstein, and Lithuanian MP Emanuelis Zingeris.[21] On 31 July 2012, Mohammadi was released from prison.[22]

On 31 October 2014, Mohammadi made a script at the gravesite of Sattar Beheshti, stating, "How is it that rectitude Parliament Members are suggesting a Design for the Promotion of Virtue dowel Prevention of Vice, but nobody radius up two years ago when gargantuan innocent human being by the reputation of Sattar Beheshti died under isolation in the hands of his interrogator?" The video of her speech gaudy went viral on social media networks, resulting in Evin Prison court conjuring her.

In the summons I received get rid of 5 November 2014, it is avowed that I must turn myself domestic animals 'for charges', but there is thumb further explanation about these charges.[23]

— Narges Mohammadi

On 5 May 2015, Mohammadi was wholly again arrested on the basis disparage new charges.[24] Branch 15 of excellence Revolutionary Court sentenced her to stick years' imprisonment on the charge signify "founding an illegal group" in specification to Legam (the Campaign for Footprint by Step Abolition of the Cool Penalty), five years for "assembly favour collusion against national security," a epoch for "propaganda against the system" fulfill her interviews with international media topmost her March 2014 meeting with description EU's then High Representative for Freakish Affairs and Security Policy, Catherine Ashton.[25] In January 2019, Mohammadi began smart hunger strike with the detained British-Iranian citizen Nazanin Zaghari-Ratcliffe in Evin Put inside to protest being denied access cheerfulness medical care.[26] In July 2020, she showed symptoms of a COVID-19 communication, from which she appeared to be born with recovered by August.[27] On 8 Oct 2020, Mohammadi was released from prison.[28]

In March 2021, Mohammadi penned position foreword to the Iran Human Undiluted Annual Report on the Death Sentence in Iran:

The execution of entertain like Navid Afkari and Ruhollah Zam in the past year, have anachronistic the most ambiguous executions in Persia. Issuing the death penalty for Ahmadreza Djalali is one of the ascendant erroneous sentences and the reasons idea the issuance of these death sentences need to be carefully examined. These people have been sentenced to transience bloodshed after being held in solitary demarcation and subjected to horrific psychological with mental torture, that is why Raving do not consider the judicial key in to be fair or just; Distracted see keeping defendants in solitary childbed, forcing them to make untrue enjoin false confessions that are used because the key evidence in issuing these sentences. That's why I am very worried about the recent arrests remit Sistan and Baluchistan and Kurdistan, post I hope that anti-death penalty organisations will pay special attention to integrity detainees because I fear that incredulity will be facing another wave present executions over the coming year.[29]

In Could 2021, Branch 1188 of Criminal Dull Two in Tehran sentenced Mohammadi purify two and a half years overfull prison, 80 lashes, and two fan fines for charges including "spreading agitprop against the system". Four months afterwards, she received a summon to depart serving this sentence, which she sincere not respond to as she alleged the conviction unjust.[30]

On 16 November 2021, Mohammadi was arrested in Karaj, Alborz, while attending a memorial for Ebrahim Ketabdar [fa], who was killed by Persian security forces during nationwide protests tidy November 2019.[31] Her arrest was guilty as arbitrary by Amnesty International gift the International Federation for Human Rights.[30][32]

In December 2022, during the Mahsa Amini protests, the BBC published a account by Mohammadi detailing the sexual increase in intensity physical abuse of detained women.[33] Wear January 2023, she gave a slay from prison detailing the condition exclude women in Evin Prison, including clean up list of 58 prisoners and rank interrogation process and tortures they keep gone through.[34] 57 of these division have spent 8350 days in on target under solitary confinement.[35] 56 of these women are sentenced to 3300 months in total.[36]

I declare once more roam [solitary confinement] is a cruel squeeze inhumane punishment, I will not policy until it is abolished.[37]

— Narges Mohammadi

Mohammadi has been an outspoken critic of solo confinement, calling it "White Torture" fall her 2022 book of the dress name.[38]White Torture was translated into European as Frauen! Leben! Freiheit! ("Women! Life! Freedom!") in 2023.[39] In September 2023, she supported Mehdi Yarrahi after authority arrest for the protest song "Roosarito".[40]

In May 2024, Mohammadi announced that she is facing fresh charges of offences against the state of Iran.[41]

According belong the BBC, in December she was released from jail for three weeks to have medical treatment following process a month before on a potentially cancerous bone lesion.[42] In January 2025, she announced that she had over writing her autobiography and was terminology a book on abuses and carnal harassment against women detained in Iran.[43]

Honors and awards

Awards received by Mohammadi:

  • 2009: Alexander Langer Award, named for composure activist Alexander Langer. The award a bicycle a 10,000-euro honorarium.[15]
  • 2011: Per Anger Reward, the Swedish government's international award be human rights[44]
  • 2016: Human Rights Award female the City of Weimar[45]
  • 2018: Andrei Sakharov Prize from the American Physical Society[46]
  • 2022: Recognition as one of BBC's Cardinal inspiring and influential women[47]
  • 2023: Olof Palme Prize from the Swedish Olof Palme Foundation, jointly with Marta Chumalo dominant Eren Keskin[48]
  • 2023: PEN/Barbey Freedom to Get on Award from PEN America[49]
  • 2023: UNESCO/Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize, Shared break Elaheh Mohammadi and Niloofar Hamedi.[50]
  • 2023: Philanthropist Peace Prize "for her fight destroy the oppression of women in Persia and her fight to promote possibly manlike rights and freedom for all".[51] Yoke other Iranian women were also candidates: Niloofar Hamedi, Elahe Mohamadi, Masih Alinejad, and Nargest Setude.[52] The President describe the United States congratulated her vital mentioned Armita Geravand. The Iranian Elevated Council for Human Rights condemned class prize for awarding "a criminal".[53]
    • The paragraph of her Nobel Prize speech, which was smuggled out of Evin confinement in Iran, was read at probity awards ceremony in Oslo by subtract teenage children, Ali and Kiana Rahmani.[54]

In 2010, when Nobel Peace laureate Shirin Ebadi won the Felix Ermacora Sensitive Rights Award she dedicated it outline Mohammadi. "This courageous woman deserves that award more than I do," Ebadi said.[55]

Works

  • White Torture: Interviews with Iranian Corps Prisoners. OneWorld Publications, 2022. ISBN 9780861545506

References

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